Resource-saving technologies for ore extraction at great depths

Abstract

Introduction. Underground mining of ore deposits is characterized by deterioration of mining and geological and mining conditions, increased requirements for environmental protection and subsurface resourses protection, as well as human life safety in the zone of mining facilities influence. Research aims at the creation and implementation of resource-saving ore mining technologies at great depths on the basis of the analysis results of the rock pressure energy manifestation around underground excavations by revealing the physical essence of their zonal encapsulation phenomenon. Methodology. An advanced method of mine, laboratory and experimental studies, mathematical and physical modeling, as well as theoretical analysis and generalization of research results using standard and new techniques has been applied. Novelty. The existent classification of methods for studying the stress-strain state of rocks using the “method of representing the array” function has been improved to its elements: functional (industrial), physical (laboratory), and analytical (theoretical). It has been established that the relative amount of redirected energy of the rock pressure aimed to maintain the mine workings is described by a parabolichyperbolic dependence, on the basis of which geoenergetic technologies for ore deposits underground mining have been developed. Result. Technological approaches have been developed to the design of face and development headings runways, and geoenergetic types of fixing in static conditions of zonal encapsulation on the basis of the proposed methodological principles of protective capsule energy management: counteraction, counterbalancing, assistance, elimination, and transfer. Practical significance consists in technological parameters of drilling and blasting operations and stoping in conditions of dynamic deformation of a massif within safety capsules energy zones by developing a stable form of undercutting and cuttings for PJSC ZZHRK mines. A change in production wells drilling directions for PJSC ZZHRK mines has been suggested, as well as rational distances between the wells for the mines of the State Enterprise VostGOK. Economic efficiency of technological solutions over the improvement of preparatory, rifling, drilling and blasting, and cleaning works for Ukrainian ore mines has been determined according to specific indicators of mining efficiency.