Innovative approaches to restoration and hydro-ecological protection of mining regions

Abstract

Further development of the energy, agricultural and economic sectors of Ukraine is largely connected to a possibility of systematic liquidation of a number of unprofitable and old mining enterprises. At the same time, the priority problems that occur during this process include the emerging loss of jobs, the cost of maintaining hydrodynamic safety of closed enterprises, landscape disturbance in a large number of territories, degradation of fertile soil and a threat of environmental pollution [1-3]. With the current agricultural priorities of the country development, a large amount of lands disturbed by mining needs to be restored both in terms of relief and fertility, followed by monitoring using fundamentally new methods of recultivation. At the same time, the previously established approaches to transformation of mining enterprises are mostly general and do not focus on the specifics of domestic industry, which significantly limits their use and requires the development of new, more targeted methods of restoration and management of production facilities and territories, which are located at sites of closed mines and quarries. The factors required in the field of environmental security of Ukraine are: a high level of scientific justification of measures for green production, strengthening the control functions of government, using market economy model in the context of environmental security and European integration interests of Ukraine. Land recultivation after the deposites have been developed is responsibility of the mining enterprise, so recultivation funds should be considered as the final part of the production process, and the cost of creating reserve funds for recultivation should reduce the amount taxed, i.e. should be included in the cost. This approach is implemented in developed countries