Basic income is a certain amount of money regularly paid to each citizen without reference to his work and social status or age. It is a method to eradicate poverty and a mechanism to redistribute wealth in the world. If this institution starts working, then there will be no need in social pays, benefits, etc. While analyzing foreign practice of using the income the following pattern was observed: the basic income is successful in countries such as India, Finland, DR Congo, South Korea, Kenya, Saudi Arabia and Austria. It means that this tool is used in countries with a strong and stable economy, or in countries where a citizen can live for $ 10 a month.

In April 2019, non-cash money payments to participants' bank cards began without any conditions, which were made monthly for 3 months in three regions of Russia: Moscow, Moscow Region and Buryatia. The recipients were 8 people: parents with many children and retirees. Payments amounted to 5,000 - 6,500 rubles per month per person. Sources of payments - private donations. The scientific partner of the experiment is the Institute of Socio-Economic Population Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences, which developed questionnaires for the main income recipients. An anonymous survey of pilot participants was carried out at the beginning of the project launch and after it. We studied the effect of basic income on the recipients’ well-being, their mental and physical health.

In the ancient world the idea of happiness was presented in various interpretations, but the most thorough study of this problem can be considered the doctrine of Aristotle. According to the etymology: "Eudaimonia" (according to Aristotle – true happiness) consisted of two parts – eu (good) and daimon (deity), that is literally meant that a virtuous person is under the protection of the gods.

"What emotion do you live with?" – the team of Ukrainian popular social and political TV show “Freedom of Speaking by Savik Shuster” asked the youth of Ukraine aged 18-29 on 04/24/2020. The answers were distributed as follows: 49% – hope for tomorrow, 39% – fear for tomorrow, 12% – humiliation because of living conditions 20 . Despite the fact that almost 50% of Ukraine's young people have positive emotions about their lives, just over 50% feel uncertain and dissatisfied. In our view, such a pattern of emotions cannot characterize modern Ukrainian society as sustainable for the development and build-up of human capital. It is difficult to predict whether the answers of young Ukrainians would change if they were offered a guaranteed, equal for all, periodically paid basic unconditional income. This question requires additional investigation, but according to its idea, the economic instrument of the basic unconditional income is aimed, among other targets, at providing confidence in the future, guarantees for existence and freedom of action to people.

The world has become much richer and more productive, but it has not become more stable and happy. At the same time, technologies designed to improve our lives are actively evolving, and sufferings, diseases, wars and crisis are growing exponentially. The lack of effectiveness of attempts to solve this problem, based on purely economic, political and social perspectives, demonstrates the need to find solutions in the field of worldview issues.

Raghavan N. lyer was a Fellow and Lecturer in Politics at St. Antony's College, Oxford University, from 1956 to 1964. He was a member of the staff of the Center from 1964 to 1966, when he assumed a full-time teaching post in Political Theory at the University of California at Santa Barbara. He remains with the Center as a Consultant. His book, The Glass Curtain, was published by Oxford University Press, which will also publish his exhaustive study of the political and social thought of Gandhi. The central assumption of this paper is the possible provision of a guaranteed annual income (or its equivalent in goods and services) to every American citizen in the abundant economy of the foreseeable future. The main purpose of the paper will be to indicate some of the drastic implications of this proposal for social theory and contemporary values, and for a more daring vision of the future than is now commonly contemplated.

Thomas Paine, in his essay Agrarian Justice, suggested a variety of welfare and progressive taxation proposals. These include cash grants, not means-tested, to those reaching early adulthood and retirement. Many-including both Martin Luther King, Jr., and the conservative economist Milton Friedman—have since made basic income proposals. The philosophy of universal basic income has supported a variety of concrete economic proposals which have converged into a political movement.

Основний дохід – це певна сума, яка періодично виплачується кожному громадянину держави не зважаючи на його статус, роботу чи вік. Це інструмент знищення бідності та перерозподілу багатства у світі. Завдяки даному інструменту такі механізми, як соціальні виплати, пільги та інше не будуть потрібні.

У квітні 2019 почалися безготівкові грошові виплати на банківські картки учасників без будь-яких умов, які здійснювалися щомісяця протягом 3 місяців в трьох регіонах Росії: Москві, Московській області і Бурятії. Одержувачами стали 8 осіб: багатодітні батьки та пенсіонери. Виплати склали 5000 – 6500 рублів на місяць на людину. Джерела виплат – приватні пожертвування. Науковий партнер експерименту – Інститут соціально-економічних проблем народонаселення РАН, який розробив анкети для одержувачів основного доходу. Анонімне анкетування учасників пілота проводилося на початку і в кінці стартового проекту. Вивчався вплив основного доходу на добробут одержувачів, їх психічне і фізичне здоров’я.

В античному світі ідея щастя була представлена в різних інтерпретаціях, але найбільш ґрунтовним вивченням даної проблеми можна вважати вчення Арістотеля. Згідно з етимологією : «Eudaimonia» (за Арістотелем – справжнє щастя) складалося з двох частин – eu (добро) і daimon (божество), тобто дослівно означало, що доброчесна людина знаходиться під заступництвом богів. Слід зазначити, що еudaimonia відноситься до об'єктивно бажаного життя, що робить це поняття більш широким, ніж щастя, оскільки погані події, які не сприяють переживанню щастя, впливають на еudaimonia.