Minerals of biogenic origin are integral elements of the structure of many living organisms. Along with genetically determined formations, pathogenic biominerals are also widespread. Among them are, in particular, urinary stones - uroliths, which are a natural consequence of the development of urolithiasis. Due to the fact that in most cases urinary stones are not mono-, but poly-mineral aggregates, for their correct classification and adequate characterization of the type of urolithiasis, it is necessary to account and analyze the specifics of the ontogenesis of all mineral components.

Scientific interest in the question of the accumulation and migration of metals in oil is connected with the possibility of their industrial extraction in the process of oil refining and the purpose of further realization as a concomitant raw material, actual scientific and technical questions of the genesis of hydrocarbons, as well as the possibility of determining the environmental risks of using this oil as raw materials for the production of oil products and, first of all, gasoline and diesel fuel.

The general relevance of research of germanium content in coal seams is explained by the possibility of its industrial extraction and use as a valuable accompanying component. Currently, coal deposits are considered as the most important mineral raw material base for the industrial production of germanium. Special relevance of the performed research provides a solution of the National Security and Defense Council of Ukraine dated July 16, 2021 "About stimulation of the search, extraction and enrichment of minerals that have strategic importance for the sustainable development and defense capability of the state" and Decree of the President of Ukraine No. 306/2021, which introduces this solution into effect. In these documents, germanium ores are included in the list of strategic importance for the sustainable development and defense capability of the state.