Security and data protection in brain computer interface systems

Sensors that directly measure the electrical activity of the brain are the first
component, non-invasive sensors that are attached to the scalp or invasive sensors that are
implanted directly into the brain. Electroencephalography (EEG) electrodes, noninvasive
sensors, measure electrical potentials generated by neural activity in the cerebral cortex
through the scalp. However, invasive sensors such as microelectrode arrays or
electrocorticographic (ECoG) electrodes directly measure electrical activity on the surface of
the brain or in specific brain regions. Modern BCI signal amplifiers are extremely sensitive
and have low intrinsic noise. They can also amplify brain signals thousands of times while
preserving their basic functions.