Управління сталим розвитком агломераційних урбосистем на засадах еколого-економічного моніторингу

Abstract

Дисертаційна робота присвячена формуванню теоретичних положень, науково-методичних підходів і практичного інструментарію управління сталим розвитком агломераційних урбосистем на засадах еколого-економічного моніторингу. Удосконалено визначення агломераційної урбосистеми та поняття «сталий розвиток агломераційної урбосистеми». Обґрунтовано наукові засади формування системи еколого-економічного моніторингу стану агломераційних урбосистем. Удосконалено науково-методичні підходи до розподілу природоохоронних інвестицій для реалізації заходів екологічної безпеки на рівні агломераційної урбосистеми та до групування несприятливих чинників зовнішнього середовища урбосистеми з огляду на пріоритетність нівелювання негативних ефектів їхньої дії в умовах обмеженості інвестиційних ресурсів. Обґрунтовано організаційно-правові засади забезпечення досягнення цілей сталого розвитку шляхом формування національної концепції сталого розвитку та створення національної системи моніторингу стану навколишнього середовища.

Диссертация посвящена формированию теоретических положений, научно-методических подходов и практического инструментария управления устойчивым развитием агломерационных урбосистем на основе эколого- экономического мониторинга. Усовершенствовано определение агломерационной урбосистемы и понятие «устойчивое развитие агломерационной урбосистемы». Обоснованы научные принципы формирования системы эколого-экономического мониторинга состояния агломерационных урбосистем. Усовершенствованы научно- методические подходы к распределению природоохранных инвестиций для реализации мероприятий экологической безопасности на уровне агломерационной урбосистемы и к группировке неблагоприятных факторов внешней среды урбосистемы, учитывая приоритетность нивелирования негативных эффектов их воздействия в условиях ограниченности инвестиционных ресурсов. Обоснованы организационно-правовые принципы обеспечения достижения целей устойчивого развития путем формирования национальной концепции устойчивого развития и создания национальной системы мониторинга состояния окружающей среды.

The dissertation is devoted to the improvement of theoretical positions, scientific and methodological approaches and practical tools for managing the sustainable development of agglomeration of the urban systems on the basis of ecological and economic monitoring. The paper summarizes the theoretical principles and methodological approaches to the organization of environmental and economic monitoring, evaluates the ability of environmental management to determine the causes of identified environmental changes based on the analysis of the impulsive forces of such changes, ecosystem load, current state and climatic trends of the environment, anthropogenic and natural impacts, the way of the response to such changes. The research about the impact of urbanization processes was made – the impact in global and local dimensions in the context of ecological conflicts because of the uneven development of economic, social and ecological subsystems of the cities, there was also an analysis of the basic cases of the ecological policy of the sustainable development of Ukrainian cities and the conceptual model of the agglomeration attractiveness is described. The definition of the agglomeration urban system was described as a set of nature management institutions at the local community level. The definition of the sustainable development for the agglomeration urban system was improved, which is proposed to be considered as a process of the synergetic integration and the development of the economic, social, natural, physical subsystems that form an urban settlement as a whole regional system, taking into account the need to minimize negative externalities from human activities in this area. The requirements for the environmental safety of the area where the industrial enterprises function, are detailed in a form of the precise suggestions for the environmental strategies of the enterprise development. Such proposals are made by the specialists with an appropriate technical education, but they are addressed to the administration of the enterprise or its owners, who may have just a general idea of the dangerous impact degree on the environment, and also owners often tend to consider the environmental measures wasteful. Under such conditions, it is advisable to use a methodology based on a clear structuring of the information about the company's impact on the environment by the multi-stage identification of the main environmental pollution elements and how to determine their danger degree. In order to ensure the environmental safety of agglomeration urban systems and to find out the priority areas of the environmental investment, there is a procedure for the environmental safety analysis of the industrial enterprises as a part of the environmental and economic monitoring according to the classification of harmful substances by their emissions, and it provides the data of the agglomeration urban system emissions, their structure and the main pollutants. It is proposed to improve the system of the ecological and economic monitoring of the agglomeration urban system, directed toward the ensuring environmental safety in the area, by identifying the indicators of its current state and the indicators for the future changes, which will help to achieve the sustainable development goals, which should include planning, development, operational improvement and maintenance of the systems that provide energy, water, waste disposal and transportation. There is an analysis of the population morbidity and mortality level dependence on the environmental conditions in Ukrainian cities. The ecological and economic assessment of the impact of anthropogenic activity consequences on the ecological condition of the agglomeration urban system is carried out. The work grounds the scientific and the methodological approach to the distribution of the environmental investments for the environmental safety measures at the level of the agglomeration urban system, which allows to determine the features of the consolidated fundraising at the agglomeration urban system level on the basis of the public-private partnership. It helps to prove that the population morbidity in the agglomerations and its oncology caused mortality are closely dependent on the amount of the investment in the protection of the atmosphere and water environment, soils, on the biological diversity protection in the industrial regions and the protection against the radiation pollution.