Chemical and physical factors as causes of the development of erosion and atrophy of dental tissue

Non-caries dental lesions, particularly erosion and atrophy, result from the complex
interaction of various chemical and physical factors that negatively affect the structure, strength,
and functionality of dental tissue. These defects play a significant role among dental diseases
and can have serious consequences for oral health, including increased sensitivity, pain, and
impaired chewing function. Dental erosion is the result of chemical degradation of enamel due
to the action of aggressive acids found in certain food products or as a result of disruption in
the acid-base balance in the oral cavity. On the other hand, atrophy of dental tissue manifests
as a reduction in its volume, which is often associated with age-related changes, disturbances
in mineralization, or insufficient nutrient supply to the dental tissues. Studying and
understanding the mechanisms behind the development of these lesions significantly improves
the methods for their prevention and treatment.